一般將來時(shí)

1

定義

一般將來時(shí)表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，或?qū)�來�?jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

2

基本結(jié)構(gòu)

1.will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形

will 在陳述句中用于各種人稱;shall用于第一人稱，常被will 所代替。

否定

will not=won't;shall not=shan't

一般疑問

will/shall+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?

特殊疑問式：

特殊疑問詞+一般疑問式?

I will/shall do a better job next time.

下次我要做得好些。

Oil and water will not mix.

油和水沒法混在一起。

—Will he help you with your English tonight?

今天晚上他會(huì)幫助你學(xué)習(xí)英語嗎?

—Yes, he will./No, he won't.

是的，他會(huì)。/不，他不會(huì)。

—When will you arrive for America?

你什么時(shí)候去美國?

—Tomorrow.

明天。

2. am/is/are going to +動(dòng)詞原形

否

am/is/are not going to +動(dòng)詞原形

一

am/is/are +主語+ going to +動(dòng)詞原形+其他?

特殊疑問式：

特殊疑問詞+一般疑問式?

He is going to spend his holidays in London.

他打算在倫敦度假。

Look at the dark clouds. There is going to be a storm.

看那烏云，快要下雨了。

Is he going to collect any data for us?

他會(huì)幫我們收集數(shù)據(jù)嗎?

What are you going to do tomorrow?

明天你打算做什么?

3.There be結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來時(shí)

肯定式：

There will be;There is/are going to be

否定式：

There won't be;There is/are not going to be

一般疑問式：

Will there be...;Is/are there going to be...

特殊疑問式：

特殊疑問詞+一般疑問式

There will be a basketball match this afternoon.

=There is going to be a basketball match this afternoon.

今天下午會(huì)有一場籃球賽。

There won't be a basketball match this afternoon.

=There isn't going to be a basketball match this afternoon.

今天下午沒有籃球賽。

Will there be a basketball match this afternoon?

=Is there going to be a basketball match this afternoon?

今天下午有籃球賽嗎?

When will there be a basketball match?

=When is there going to be a basketball match?

什么時(shí)候有一場籃球賽?

3

用法

will+動(dòng)詞原形與am/is/are going to +動(dòng)詞原形的用法雖然都表示將來發(fā)生動(dòng)作或情況，一般情況下能互換。但它們的用法是有區(qū)別的。

1. will

(1)表示主觀意愿的將來。

They will go to visit the factory tomorrow.

明天他們將去參觀工廠。

I’ll come with Wang Bing, Liu Tao and Yang Ling.

我將和王兵、劉濤、楊玲一起來。

(2)表示不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的客觀的將來。

Today is Saturday. Tomorrow will be Sunday.

今天是星期六。明天(將)是星期日。

He will be thirty years old this time next year.

明年這個(gè)時(shí)候他就(將)三十歲了。

(3)表示臨時(shí)決定，通常用于對話中。

—Mary has been ill for a week.

瑪麗病了一周了。

—Oh, I didn't know. I will go and see her.

噢，我不知道。我去看看她。

2. be going to

(1)表示事先經(jīng)過考慮、安排好，打算、計(jì)劃要做某事。

Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon.

今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌劇。

(2)表示根據(jù)目前某種跡象判斷，某事非常有可能發(fā)生，表示推測。

Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain.

瞧!烏云密集。天要下雨了。

4

be going to 與 will 的區(qū)別

1.be going to

(1)有計(jì)劃、有安排(說話前已經(jīng)想好的計(jì)劃)

I am going to talk about the simple future tense.

我(接下來)要講一般將來時(shí)。

be going to 表示事先就做好的計(jì)劃，所以這件事發(fā)生的確定性較高。

(2)有跡象發(fā)生

Look at the dark clouds. It’s going to rain.

看那些烏云，天要下雨了。

(烏云密布，下雨就是大概率的事情了。)

2.will

(1) 當(dāng)下的決定(說話時(shí)才做的決定)

— What would you like to have?

你吃啥?

— I will try the crawfish!

我要吃小龍蝦!

❖相對于 be going to，will 發(fā)生的確定性較低，畢竟 will 不是經(jīng)過深思熟慮才做出的決定。

此外，will 還可以跟 maybe，probably 等表“可能”的副詞連用(正因?yàn)?will 的不確定性)。

(2)預(yù)測

The bro will go through a bad patch!

這哥們兒要倒霉了

(3)承諾

I will love you forever!

我會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)愛你!

(4)請求/對請求的回應(yīng)

— Will you give me a “Wow”?

— Yes, we will!

5.用于時(shí)間/條件狀語從句的主句(主將從現(xiàn))

(1)與條件狀語從句連用

(2)與時(shí)間狀語從句連用

❖由 when, as soon as 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，若從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句多用一般將來時(shí)。(主將從現(xiàn))

5

其他時(shí)態(tài)表將來

1. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來

瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞和持續(xù)動(dòng)詞都可以用其現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表達(dá)將來的含義，主要表示按規(guī)定或時(shí)間預(yù)計(jì)要發(fā)生的事。

(瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)任何時(shí)候都表示將來的含義，持續(xù)動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)只有在含有將來的時(shí)間狀語或?qū)�來語境的條件下才表示將來)

The bus is coming.

公交車就要來了。

The students are leaving on Sunday.

學(xué)生們星期日出發(fā)。

We’re having a party next week.

我們下星期將開一個(gè)晚會(huì)。

2. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來

(1)come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等瞬時(shí)位移動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以表示將來含義，主要用來表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情。

The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.

火車明天上午六點(diǎn)開。

(2)在時(shí)間或條件狀語從句中。(主將從現(xiàn))

I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there.

我到了那里，就寫信給你。

If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will have a party in the park.

如果明天不下雨，我們就在公園舉行一個(gè)聚會(huì)。

6

練習(xí)及答案

【典型考例】

單項(xiàng)選擇題

1.(2020湖北)—Is Helen here?

—Not yet. but she in half hour.

A.arrives

B.will arrive

C.arrived

D.has arrived

答案：B

解析：根據(jù)Not yet可知她還沒到達(dá)，根據(jù)in half hour可知是將來的時(shí)間，動(dòng)詞用一般將來時(shí)，故選B。句意：—海倫在這兒嗎?—還沒有，但是半個(gè)小時(shí)之后她將到達(dá)。

2.(2019天津)—What is your plan for next weekend，Lingling?

—Ivolunteer work in the museum.

A. was doing

B. did

C. have done

D. am going to do

答案：D

解析：句意是：玲玲，下周末的安排是什么?我打算到博物館去做志愿者。根據(jù)上文的next weekend(下周末)可知，玲玲的回答是指下周的打算，所以用一般將來時(shí)，因此，正確答案為D。

3.(2019四川內(nèi)江)—Have you watched the new movie，Joe?

—No，I it with my sister this evening.

A.watch

B.are watching

C.watched

D.will watch

答案：D

解析：句意是：喬，你看了這部新電影嗎?沒有。我今晚將和我妹妹一起去看。根據(jù)本句末的時(shí)間狀語this evening可知，看新電影這動(dòng)作是將來要做的事情，因此動(dòng)詞使用一般將來時(shí)。所以， 正確答案為D。

4.(2019天津)—Could you tell me for the fruit?

—By paying over the Internet.

A. how much will I pay

B. how much I will pay

C. how will I pay

D. how I will pay

答案：D。

解析：根據(jù)答語by paying over the Internet可知問句問的是支付方式，而非價(jià)格，故排除AB。句意是：你能告訴我怎樣付這水果的錢嗎?通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)支付。此外，特殊疑問句作賓語從句時(shí)，應(yīng)使用“特殊疑問詞+陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)，所以正確答案為D。

5.(2019湖南湘西)—We will go for a picnic if it this Sunday.

—Sounds great.

A.won’t rain

B.is sunny

C.will be sunny

答案：B

解析：結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知句意是：—假如本周日不下雨，我們就會(huì)去野餐。—聽起來不錯(cuò)。在if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般將來時(shí)，所以正確答案為B.

用所給單詞的正確形式填空

1.(2020黑龍江)My mum hopes that I (be) happy and healthy in the future.

2.(2019山東青島)English Day is coming, and we (organize)an English party soon.

3.(2019江蘇連云港)—More than 20 international students (go on a school trip )with us next week, won’t they?

—Yes, they will.

4.(2019山東濟(jì)寧)China's first set of AI(人工智能) textbooks (come) into the classrooms of primary and secondary school soon in many parts of China.

5.(2019江蘇南通)There is something wrong with my computer.—Don’t worry. I(deal)with it for you.

【答案】

1.will be

2.will organize

3.will go on a school trip

4.will come

5.will deal

       編輯推薦：

       2023年中考各科目重點(diǎn)知識(shí)匯總

　　 歡迎使用手機(jī)、平板等移動(dòng)設(shè)備訪問中考網(wǎng)，2025中考一路陪伴同行！>>點(diǎn)擊查看