來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2023-08-15 11:36:46
考點(diǎn)1 考查基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的用法區(qū)別
基數(shù)詞表示人或事物數(shù)量的多少,如one,two,three,four,five,six等;而序數(shù)詞則表示人或事物的順序,如first,second,third,fourth,fifth,sixth等。在通常情況下,基數(shù)詞除one外,其余的后接名詞時(shí),名詞原則上要用復(fù)數(shù);而序數(shù)詞在后接名詞時(shí),原則上用單數(shù)。如:
He has four children, but he likes his fourth child most.他有四個(gè)孩子,但他最喜歡他的第四個(gè)孩子。
【考例1】Father's Day is on __ Sunday of June.(湖南長沙中考題)
A. three
B. third
C. the third
D. a third
【分析】答案選C。由于空格后的名詞為單數(shù),所以不能選基數(shù)詞three,故可排除A;其余三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為序數(shù)詞,但只有帶定冠詞的C才是正確的,因?yàn)榇颂幍木湟鉃樘刂。句意為,父親節(jié)是六月的第三個(gè)星期日。
【考例2】-Where does John live?
-He lives on __ floor but he doesn't use a lift to go up and down.
A. nine
B. the ninth
C. ninth
D. a ninth
【分析】答案選B。由于空格后的名詞floor為單數(shù),所以空格處不能填基數(shù)詞,故可排除A;而序數(shù)詞前通常用定冠詞,而不用不定冠詞,故選B。
考點(diǎn)2 考查數(shù)詞在編號(hào)中的用法
在類似編號(hào)的場合,序數(shù)詞應(yīng)放在被修飾詞語之前,若用基數(shù)詞則置于其后。如,
the First Lesson/Lesson One第1課
the tenth chapter/chapter ten第10章
the sixth line/ line 6第6行
the third part / part three第三部分
但是,在許多情況下,用基數(shù)詞比用序數(shù)詞更合適、更方便。如:
Book One第1冊
Room 805 805房
page 110第110頁
Bus Number Ten第10路公共汽車
【考例】-There is a wrong word in line __ .
-Where?
-In the __ line.
A. two;two
B. two;second
C. second;two
D. second;second
【分析】答案選B。in line two與in the second line同義,均表示"第二行”。又如:lesson five與the fifth lesson同義,均表示“第五課”。
考點(diǎn)3 考査用英語表示分?jǐn)?shù)的用法
用英語表示分?jǐn)?shù)的方法是:先說分子,后說分母;分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞,當(dāng)分子超過"一"時(shí),分母用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如"三分之二"可表示為two thirds(可理解為“兩個(gè)三分之一”)。但是有些分?jǐn)?shù)的表示比較其特別,如"二分之一”通常說成a (one) half,“四分之一”通常說成a quarter。
【考例】__ of the students in our class __ money to the disabled people these days.
A. Two third, have raised
B. Two thirds, has raised
C. Two three. have raised
D. Two thirds, have raised
【分析】答案選D。“三分之二”的分子是“二",用基數(shù)詞two表示:分母是"三”,用序數(shù)詞third表示,由于分子大于一,故表示分母的third要用復(fù)數(shù),即可排除A和C;又因?yàn)橐粋(gè)班三分之二的學(xué)生肯定不只一個(gè),故請語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù),即選D不選B。
考點(diǎn)4 考查hundred,thousand,million單復(fù)數(shù)用法
當(dāng)hundred,thousand,million與數(shù)詞連用表示具體數(shù)量時(shí),它們既不用復(fù)數(shù)形式,后接名詞時(shí)也不用介詞of。如,
Can you lend me a hundred dollars?你可否借給我一百美金?
This theatre holds a thousand persons.這家劇院能容納一千人。
The sun is 92 million miles away.太陽離這里有九千二百萬英里。
但是,若泛指數(shù)百、數(shù)千、數(shù)百萬等,則用hundreds of,thousands of,millions of等這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)。如:Hundreds of people attended the meeting.有幾百人參加了會(huì)議。
They received millions of letters asking for information他們收到了無數(shù)的咨詢信件。
Men have been making music for thousands of years.人類創(chuàng)作音樂已有數(shù)千年歷史。
【考例1】More than two years ago, __ people knew little about the universe.
A. thousands
B. thousand
C. thousand of
D. thousands of
【分析】答案選B。與具體數(shù)字連用時(shí),thousand不用加詞足-s,其后也不用介詞of,
【考例2】Enshi is becoming a tourist city. __ people come here during the holidays every year.
A. Thousand of
B. Thousands of
C. Five thousands of
D. Five thousands
【分析】答察選B。與具體數(shù)字連用時(shí),thousand不用加詞屬-s,其后也不用介詞of,故可排除C和D。但表示不確定的"數(shù)千"數(shù)以千計(jì)"時(shí),則不僅要加詞足"s,而且要后接介詞of,故只能選B,不能選A。
考點(diǎn)5考查帶有數(shù)詞的復(fù)合形容詞
根據(jù)英語習(xí)慣,在"數(shù)詞+名詞""數(shù)詞+名詞+名詞""數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞”這類復(fù)合形容詞中,其中的名詞只用單數(shù)形式,不用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:
a two-mile walk兩英里的步行
a six-inch ruler六英寸長的尺子
a two-hour exam.一次兩小時(shí)的考試
a five-year-old boy一個(gè)五歲的男孩
an eighteen-month-old baby一個(gè)18個(gè)月大的嬰兒
a five-hundred-meter rope一根500米長的繩子
【考例1】Each of us has to write a __ report every two weeks.
A. two-hundred-word
B. two-hundreds-word
C. two-hundreds-words
D. two-hundred-words
【分析】答案選A。帶有數(shù)詞的復(fù)合形容詞中,數(shù)詞后的名詞要用單數(shù)。又如:She has a ten-year-old son.她有個(gè)10歲的兒子。He wrote a five-hundred-word letter to me.他寫了一封500字的信給我。
【考例2】A new study proves a __ walk every day is enough to keep people away from becoming fat.
A. 30-minute
B. 30 minute's
C. 30-minutes
D. 30 minute
【分析】答案選A。按英語習(xí)慣,在帶有數(shù)詞的復(fù)合形容詞中,數(shù)詞后的名詞要用單數(shù)。所以不能選C;另外,這類結(jié)構(gòu)中的連字符原則上不能省略。
考點(diǎn)6 考查簡單運(yùn)算后對(duì)相應(yīng)數(shù)詞進(jìn)行選擇
嚴(yán)格說來,這類題只是借助"數(shù)詞”作為一種命題手段,與數(shù)詞的用法關(guān)系不大。
【考例】-There are sixty students in our class. And __ of us are boys.
-Wow! You have forty girls!
A. one fourth
B. one third
C. two fifths
D. two thirds
【分析】答案選B。做這道題要先運(yùn)算一下:上文說這個(gè)班上共有60名學(xué)生,下文說女生有40個(gè),這說明男生的數(shù)量為60-40-20個(gè)。那么20個(gè)是60個(gè)的幾分之幾呢?顯然是“三分之一",故答案選B。
考點(diǎn)7 綜合考查數(shù)詞的不同知識(shí)點(diǎn)
即將數(shù)詞的各個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)綜合起來進(jìn)行考查。如
【考例】About __ of the workers in the factory were born in the __.
A. two-thirds, 1970
B. two-thirds, 1970s
C. two-third, 1970
D. two-third, 1970s
【分析】答案選B。“三分之二”也就是兩個(gè)“三分之一”,所以third要用復(fù)數(shù),可排除C和D;表示在某一年,其前不用冠詞,表示在某個(gè)年代,其前要用定冠詞,同時(shí)表示“年代”的數(shù)詞要加詞尾-s或-'s。比較:in 1990=在1990年,in the 1990s=在20世紀(jì)90年代。
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