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2024年初中英語(yǔ)中考必考語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)--賓語(yǔ)從句

來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2023-08-15 15:52:07

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賓語(yǔ)從句The Object Clause

知識(shí)重點(diǎn)見(jiàn)初三單元2-3

I know him簡(jiǎn)單句I know(that)he is a good boy(復(fù)合句)

句子結(jié)構(gòu):主句+連詞(引導(dǎo)詞)+賓語(yǔ)從句

賓語(yǔ)從句的概念:賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)。

賓語(yǔ)從句可以作:1.及物動(dòng)詞2.動(dòng)詞(多數(shù)為不及物動(dòng)詞)+介詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)3.形容詞的賓語(yǔ)。

一:賓語(yǔ)從句做實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)

(初高中英語(yǔ)李老師:15191416900(同微)

1.大多數(shù)及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)也可以帶賓語(yǔ)從句,make sure確保keep in mind牢記

如:I know that I am the best。I must make sure that no one will come,we must keep in mind that we can’t eat dogs

2.當(dāng)動(dòng)詞find,feel,consider,make,believe等,后面有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的時(shí)候,則需要用it做形式賓語(yǔ)而將that賓語(yǔ)從句后置.(初高中英語(yǔ)李老師:15191416900(同微)

I make it possible that the fish can live without water

如:I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.我認(rèn)為每天多喝開(kāi)水是有必要的.

如:I feel it a pity that I haven't been to the get-together.我沒(méi)去聚會(huì),感覺(jué)非常遺憾.

注:it做形式賓語(yǔ)代替的賓語(yǔ)從句只能是用that引導(dǎo)

3.部分動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和不及物動(dòng)詞后面跟的賓語(yǔ)從句一般用wh做引導(dǎo)詞

部分"動(dòng)詞+副詞"結(jié)構(gòu)也可以帶賓語(yǔ)從句

We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.

我們正在討論是否讓學(xué)生加入我們的俱樂(lè)部.

The new book is about how houses were made這本新書(shū)是關(guān)于房子是如何建造的.

二:賓語(yǔ)從句做介詞的賓語(yǔ)

Mr.Li was angry at what you saidWhether we can succeed or not depend on how well you study

三:形容詞的賓語(yǔ)從句

有些形容詞具有動(dòng)詞的含義,可帶賓語(yǔ)從句,如:sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised等形容詞如:I am sure that he will come I am sorry I am late.I am glad that you can join us.

第一講:賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞

(陳述句--肯定句/否定句)

由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

(特殊疑問(wèn)句)

由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which,what連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

(一般疑問(wèn)句)

由從屬連詞whether, if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

一、連詞(引導(dǎo)詞)

1.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是陳述句時(shí)(包括肯定句和否定句),由that引導(dǎo)且在從句中不作任何成分,也沒(méi)有任何具體意思,因此常省略

(初高中英語(yǔ)李老師:15191416900(同微)

Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better.

She says (that) she won’t take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.

Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party. He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster.

I hear (that)he will be back in an hour.(一小時(shí)后他會(huì)回來(lái))

The teacher told us (that)the earth moves around the sun(地球圍著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn))

2.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí),由whether或if引導(dǎo)(口語(yǔ)用if),if/whether翻譯成:“是否”,具有一定的意義,所以不能省略

Lily wanted to knowif /whether her mother liked the gift .

She asked meif /whether she could borrow these books .

由從屬連詞whether, if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

1. I want to knowif (whether) he will go to the park with us(他是否跟我們一起去公園)

以下三個(gè)情況只能用whether引導(dǎo)(李老師警告要好好記)

2. Ask himwhether (if) he can come(他是否能來(lái))3. I don’t knowwhether it is going to rain or not(是否要下雨)

1.當(dāng)句末為or not時(shí),引導(dǎo)詞只能用whether而不能用if.

2.在介詞后面,引導(dǎo)詞只能用whether而不能用if. 3,whether后跟動(dòng)詞不定式

3.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí),由連接代詞(what, who, whom, which, whose)或連接副詞(when, where, how, why)引導(dǎo),因?yàn)檫B接代詞或連接副詞在從句中擔(dān)任一定的句子成分,具有一定的意義,所以不可以省略

第二講:賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序

在英語(yǔ)中的語(yǔ)序有兩種:

陳述句語(yǔ)序:指情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/實(shí)意動(dòng)詞在主語(yǔ)的后面I like the apple

一般疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序:指情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞在主語(yǔ)的前面do you like the apple?

在賓語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)中,從句永遠(yuǎn)用陳述句語(yǔ)序,即:主句+連接詞

例如:Where does he live? I don’t know. = I don’t knowwhere he lives.

判斷正誤:以下兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)哪個(gè)是正確的

1. When will he go to the library?

˜A: His brother asks whenhe will go tothe library . B: His brother asks whenwill he go tothe library .

2. What does he want to buy ?

˜ A: I don’t know whatdoes he wantto buy . B: I don’t know whathe wantsto buy .

3. Who are we going to meet ?

˜ A: Can you tell mewho are we going tomeet ? B:Can you tell me whowe are going tomeet ?

4. Does he know French ?

˜ A: We want to know if/whetherhe knowsFrench . B: We want to know if/whetherdoes he knowFrench.

5. Will they go to Canada in summer ?

˜ A: They’ re not sure if /whetherthey will go toCanada in summer .

B: They’ re not sure if /whetherwill they go toCanada in summer .

把下面兩個(gè)句子合成一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句:

1.Did the students have a picnic last Sunday ? Do you know ?

Do you know if/whether the students had a picnic last Sunday

2.Mr. Smith have been in China for about three years . Jim told Lin Tao .

Jim told Lin Tao (that) Mr Smith have been in C.......

3.Which book should I read first ? Please tell me

Please tell me which book I should read first.

4.Light travels faster than sound . Our teacher told us yesterday.

Our teacher told us yesterday light travels faster than sound .

例如:

Please tell me. Where are the students

I want to know. will it rain today?

I don’t know. Is she our new English teacher?

Tell me. Are you going to clean the room?

由連接代詞what, whom, whose, which, what及副詞when, where, how, why引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

1.He asked______________________. (誰(shuí)能回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題)

2.Do you know_who they are waiting for?________________________.(他們?cè)诘日l(shuí))

3.He asked __who danced better______________________________.(誰(shuí)跳舞最好)

4.Please tell me _______________________.(我們什么時(shí)候開(kāi)會(huì))

5. Can you tell me _______________.(他在哪兒)

6. Could you tell me ______________________.(我該怎么去車站)

帶how的詞組也都可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句

Could you tell ushow muchit costs to fly to Ankang ? Could you tell ushow oftenyou go abroad for a holiday ?

Could you tell ushow longthe meeting will last ? I don’t knowhow farit is to the cinema .

Please tell ushow manystudents there are in your school ? Can you tell ushow oldhis brother is ?

第三講:賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)

1.如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài) (包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)),從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定隨意選用,(包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),一般過(guò)去時(shí),一般將來(lái)時(shí),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)等)

I know he lives here. I know he lived here ten years ago. I have heard that he will come tomorrow .

2.如果主句是過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)(包括一般過(guò)去時(shí),過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)),那么從句的時(shí)態(tài)一定要用相對(duì)應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)(包括一般過(guò)去時(shí),過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí), 過(guò)去完成時(shí))

I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother.

He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow. He said that he had seen it .

Is/am/are+V-ing have/has+done

Was/were +V-ing had +done

3.當(dāng)從句是客觀真理,定義,公理,定理時(shí)從句永遠(yuǎn)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

The teacher said that the earth travels around the sun .

1. I didn’t know what time he ____ the letter. (write)

2. Miss Wang told me that the earth ______(move) round the sun.

3. Could you tell me who ______ away the book already? (take)

4. Ling Feng told me he _____ to Shanghai several times. (be)

5. Our teacher told us in class the sun ______ in the east. (rise)

6. Can you tell me what they ____ yesterday? (do)

賓語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)小總結(jié)三大部分7個(gè)考點(diǎn):

一:引導(dǎo)詞

1當(dāng)從句是陳述句時(shí)用that

2當(dāng)從句時(shí)一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)用If/whether引導(dǎo) 是否 不能省略

3當(dāng)從句是特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)用它本身的特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo),不能省略

二:語(yǔ)序:賓語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)中,從句永遠(yuǎn)用陳述句語(yǔ)序

三:時(shí)態(tài):

1:主現(xiàn)從任意

2:主過(guò)從過(guò)

3:客觀真理永遠(yuǎn)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

注意事項(xiàng)

1.could/would有時(shí)是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞原形并表示委婉語(yǔ)氣,不是過(guò)去式。賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況用不同時(shí)態(tài)。

Could you please tell me where we can buy tickets ? Could you tell us which gate we have to go to ?

Would you like to know when he will come back?

2.主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是ask時(shí),引導(dǎo)詞不可能是that;如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是say時(shí),引導(dǎo)詞用that

She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk . He said (that) he was going to take care of the child .

He asks if I like playing the piano . You may ask the man over there how you can get to the bus station .

3.如果從句中含有or或or not時(shí),只能用whether而不用if . Could you tell me whether that’s a fast trainor not ?

Do you know whether he is right or not ? I don’t care whether he’ll stay here or not .

一、用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。

1.We are sure that he _____________ (go) to school tomorrow.

2.Our father said that he ________(will) buy a new computer.

3.I hear that he ________(swim) in the sea yesterday.

4.I asked if he _______(can) hike to the top of the mountain.

5.I’m not sure whether there _____(be) some animals in the zoo.

二、將下列句子連接成為復(fù)合句,每空一詞

6.Jane will come to the party on time. I believe.

I believe that Jane ____________the party on time.

7.Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.

My teacher told me _____light ______faster than sound.

8.Can they speak French? I want to know.

I want to know _________________________French.

9.Are the children playing games? Tell me.

Tell me __________the children ____________games.

10.Can you tell me? Did the sports meeting last for three days?

Can you tell me __________the sports meeting ______for three days?

綜合習(xí)題:

一:?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇題

1.The young man asked ____ it's summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether

2.We don't know _____ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which

3. The teacher asks us ___ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time

4. Does anybody know ______ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not .

A. if B. where C. whether D. that

5. I wonder _____ he is crying now . A. that B. why C. how D. when

6. Lily said _____ she had finished her composition . A. if B. that C. when D. where

7. I don’t know ______ he still lives here . A. where B. what C. when D. whether

8 Could you show me ______ ?

A.how can I get to the station B. where is the station

C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station

9. Please tell me _______. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like

10.. Could you tell me how much ________to fly to Ankang ?

A.do it cost B.does it cost C.it cost D.it costs

11. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _____ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is

12.I don't know ______ he will come tomorrow. ______ he comes, I'll tell you.

A. if; WhetherB. whether; WhetherC. if; ThatD. if; If

13.I don't know ______ the day after tomorrow.A. when does he comeB. how will he come

C. if he comesD. whether he'll come

14.Could you tell me ______ the nearest hospital is?A. whatB. howC. whetherD. where

15.Do you know where ______ now?A. he livesB. does he liveC. he livedD. did he live

二:將下列句子合并為一句:

4.“ I am doing my homework.” He said.

5.“I will come back.” Tom said.

6.“Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked.

7.Does Mr. Li enjoy teaching us? Could you tell us?(改寫(xiě)句子)

→Could you tell us _________ Mr.Li _________ teaching us?

8."Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.(變?yōu)閺?fù)合句)

→He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help.

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